Key finding: A 17-page UN communication dated Oct 16 and made public on Dec 15 found India provided no publicly verifiable evidence linking Pakistan to the attack.
UN Security Council notification: India did not notify the UN Security Council under Article 51 (self-defence).
Legal standards: UN experts stressed counter-terrorism actions must meet necessity, proportionality, and distinction under international law.
Indus Waters Treaty in abeyance: Experts expressed serious concern over the IWT suspension; unilateral suspension may breach international obligations. Disruption of Indus waters could affect millions in Pakistan relying on the river system for drinking water, agriculture, food security, and livelihoods.
Right to water: Access to safe drinking water is a recognized human right; water should not be used as political pressure.
Calls to action: UN experts asked India to clarify the legal basis for military action and treaty suspension, and to safeguard against humanitarian, environmental, and economic harm. They also urged a peaceful settlement of the Kashmir dispute in line with international law and self-determination.
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